Oral surgery, from wisdom tooth extractions to complex reconstructive procedures, often involves stitches. But unlike stitches used on external wounds, many oral surgeries utilize dissolvable stitches, also known as absorbable sutures. This eliminates the need for a separate appointment to have them removed, making the healing process more convenient for the patient. But how exactly do these remarkable stitches work?
What are Dissolvable Stitches Made Of?
Dissolvable stitches are crafted from materials that the body naturally breaks down over time. Common materials include:
- Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl): A synthetic polymer that's slowly absorbed by the body through hydrolysis, a process where water molecules break down the suture material.
- Polydioxanone (PDS): Another synthetic polymer, absorbed through hydrolysis, but with a slightly longer absorption time than Vicryl.
- Gut sutures (Collagen): Derived from collagen, a natural protein found in animal tissues. These are absorbed through enzymatic processes.
The choice of suture material depends on factors like the location of the surgery, the tissue's healing rate, and the surgeon's preference. For example, gut sutures might be used in areas where faster absorption is desired, while PDS might be favored for procedures requiring longer-lasting support.
How Long Does it Take for Dissolvable Stitches to Dissolve?
The timeframe for complete absorption varies greatly depending on the type of suture material used and the individual's healing process. Generally, you can expect:
- Vicryl: To dissolve completely within 56-70 days.
- PDS: To dissolve completely within 180-210 days.
- Gut Sutures: These tend to dissolve faster, often within a few weeks.
However, it's important to understand that “dissolve” doesn't mean they vanish overnight. The process is gradual. You might notice the stitches becoming less visible over time as they weaken and eventually are absorbed by the body's natural mechanisms.
What Happens After the Stitches Dissolve?
As the stitches break down, the tissues they hold together have already begun the natural healing process. By the time the sutures are completely absorbed, the wound should be largely healed and the tissues will have formed a strong bond. There's no need for removal, reducing discomfort and the risk of infection associated with suture removal.
Do Dissolvable Stitches Hurt When They Dissolve?
The dissolution process itself is typically painless. You may feel some mild discomfort or tightness in the healing area, but this is usually unrelated to the stitches themselves and is a normal part of the healing process.
Can Dissolvable Stitches Cause Problems?
While generally safe and effective, there's a small chance of complications, including:
- Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there's a risk of infection. Good oral hygiene is crucial for preventing this.
- Allergic Reaction: Though rare, some individuals might have an allergic reaction to the suture material.
- Suture Reaction: The body may have a localized inflammatory response to the sutures.
Any concerns about your healing process should be addressed promptly by your dentist or oral surgeon.
What Should I Do After Oral Surgery With Dissolvable Stitches?
Following your oral surgeon's post-operative instructions is critical. This usually involves:
- Maintaining good oral hygiene: Gentle brushing and rinsing are key, avoiding the surgical site directly until it heals.
- Following a soft food diet: Avoid foods that could irritate or pull at the stitches.
- Avoiding smoking and alcohol: These substances can impair healing.
- Contacting your surgeon: If you experience excessive bleeding, swelling, severe pain, or any signs of infection.
By understanding how dissolvable stitches work and following post-operative instructions, you can ensure a smoother and more comfortable recovery after oral surgery. Remember that individual healing experiences vary, and communication with your healthcare provider is essential.
